{"id":1329,"date":"2024-06-26T11:11:23","date_gmt":"2024-06-26T09:11:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/?p=1329"},"modified":"2024-07-01T08:42:05","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T06:42:05","slug":"qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/","title":{"rendered":"Q&A: Does an apostille have to be translated?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

Short answer<\/h1>
<\/div>

No. But\u2026 maybe yes?<\/p>

<\/div>

Long answer<\/h1>
<\/div>

Background on apostilles<\/h2>

\u201cApostilles\u201d were created by the Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents<\/a>, which entered into force on 24 January 1965 and has since been adopted by 126 countries<\/a>, and, notably, most recently by Canada<\/a> and Rwanda<\/a> (12 May 2023 and 6 October 2023, respectively).<\/p>

The stated goal of the convention and its signatories is to abolish the requirement of diplomatic or consular legalization for foreign public documents, facilitating the use of public documents around the world.<\/p>

<\/p>

In reaching this goal, the convention states that \u201cEach Contracting State shall exempt from legalisation documents to which the present Convention applies and which have to be produced in its territory\u201d (art. 2). Moreover, \u201cThe only formality<\/strong> that may be required in order to certify the authenticity of the signature, the capacity in which the person signing the document has acted and, where appropriate, the identity of the seal or stamp which it bears, is the addition of the certificate described in Article 4,<\/strong> issued by the competent authority of the State from which the document emanates,\u201d which may be placed on the document itself (such as with a sticker) or as an \u201callonge<\/em>\u201d (an appended document).<\/p>

Although the convention allows, and the Hague Conference on Private International Law encourages, States to issue apostilles in multilingual certificates, the convention allows member states to issue apostilles \u201cdrawn up in the official language of the authority which issues it,\u201d which may lead to confusion abroad \u2014for example, a Russian apostille received in Spain might be illegible to Spanish authorities both because of the language employed (Russian) and because of the script used (Cyrillic). (This should be seen as foreshadowing regarding \u201cBut\u2026 maybe\u201d).<\/p>

In order to mitigate this confusion, the contents and structure of apostilles are strictly determined by the convention<\/strong>. \u201cThe certificate referred to in the first paragraph of Article 3 shall be placed on the document itself or on an \u2018allonge<\/em>\u2019; it shall be in the form of the model annexed to the present Convention.\u201d States may issue apostilles in their official languages, but:<\/p>

  1. All apostilles must be titled \u201cAPOSTILLE (Convention de La Haye du 5 octobre 1961)\u201d and<\/li>\n\n
  2. All apostilles must contain the same numbered items, 1-10, in the order shown in the figure.<\/li><\/ol>
    <\/div>

    <\/p>

    <\/div>

    The effect of this regulation is that any contracting party should be able to recognize the elements of an apostille. Whether an apostille is issued by Slovakia or by Kyrgyzstan, items 1 through 10 are always items 1 through 10.<\/p>

    <\/p>

    Possible problems<\/h2>

    If all apostilles are the same, what\u2019s the problem?<\/p>

    Well, as we\u2019ve already covered, while the convention allows<\/strong> and the HCCH encourages<\/strong> contracting States to use multilingual certificates containing commonly used languages (e.g., English and French):<\/p>

    1. Permission and encouragement don\u2019t amount to obligation and<\/li>\n\n
    2. Even if the structural elements of the apostille are in a legible language, the contents of each element may not be.<\/li><\/ol>

      For example, while an apostille issued by Hong Kong may indicate \u201c1. Country,\u201d \u201c2. has been signed by,\u201d which are \u2014or should be\u2014 perfectly legible to a Spanish court or civil servant, the contents of each section may not<\/strong> be legible because it\u2019s written in a script other than the Roman script<\/strong>, such as Cyrllic or Hanzi. Essentially, the legibility of an apostille you submit depends on the script or alphabet used by the issuing state, which may be identical to our Roman script, but may also be so foreign to us that we couldn\u2019t begin to make heads or tails.<\/p>

      In cases like these, where the contents of each section are illegible to a court or civil servant, the court or the public administration might require you to provide a translation of the Apostille.<\/strong><\/p>

      Is it legal? Can I actually be required to translate an apostille?<\/h3>

      <\/p>

      Strictly speaking, no.<\/h4>

      First, with regard to dealing with Spanish administrative organs \u2014like immigration offices or consulates\u2014 Spanish law states that \u201cinterested parties in an administrative procedure have the right not to submit data and documents not required by the norms applicable to the procedure in question\u201d (art. 53.1.d) Law 39\/2015, of 1 October<\/a>).<\/p>

      Not only does general administrative law not require a translation \u2014let alone an official translation\u2014 of an apostille, but neither do immigration laws, citizenship regulations, etc. This is important: current law with regard to immigration and citizenship doesn\u2019t expressly or implicitly require translations for apostilles<\/strong>.<\/p>

      More importantly, even if these or other laws or regulations do<\/strong> require simple or sworn translations, these laws or regulations would be contrary to the convention and, therefore, devoid of legal value (arts. 9.3<\/a> and 96.1<\/a> of the Spanish Constitution). That\u2019s because the convention, which is a valid international treaty ratified by Spain<\/a>, supersedes national law and regulations, and article 3 of the convention states that \u201cThe only formality that may be required (\u2026) is the addition of the certificate described in Article 4<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>

      The HCCH\u2019s \u201cApostille Handbook<\/a>,\u201d although non-binding, supports this interpretation in its 304th point: \u201cThe Convention also provides that no further formality may be required, which includes translation<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>

      You\u2019re perfectly within your rights to translate only the underlying document<\/strong>.<\/p>

      However\u2026<\/h4>

      If you\u2019re asked by a civil servant to translate an apostille, on top of translating the underlying document, you may want to kowtow and obtain a translation if:<\/p>

      • Your main objective is to complete your case as soon as possible, without needing to lodge time-consuming and costly appeals;<\/li>\n\n
      • Translation, especially sworn translation, isn\u2019t impossible, impracticable, or outside your means; and<\/li>\n\n
      • You aren\u2019t particularly concerned about making a point.<\/li><\/ul>

        Just be aware that, in caving, you\u2019re not only renouncing the exercise of a legal right \u2014which is also your right\u2014 you\u2019re also contributing to public administrations\u2019 perception that they may require the translation in spite of the lack of legal foundation, meaning they\u2019ll continue to require translations of people, some of whom may not<\/strong> have the means to provide them.<\/p>

        On the other hand, of course, by translating the apostille, you\u2019re supporting freelance translators in Spain.<\/p>

        As with so many questions in life, the answer depends on your priorities.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Short answer No. But\u2026 maybe yes? Long answer Background on apostilles \u201cApostilles\u201d were created by the Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, which entered into force on 24 January 1965 and has since been adopted by 126 countries, and, notably, most recently by Canada and Rwanda (12 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":803,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nQ&A: Does an apostille have to be translated? - Continentalis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Q&A: Does an apostille have to be translated? - Continentalis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Short answer No. But\u2026 maybe yes? Long answer Background on apostilles \u201cApostilles\u201d were created by the Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, which entered into force on 24 January 1965 and has since been adopted by 126 countries, and, notably, most recently by Canada and Rwanda (12 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Continentalis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/3666583106956808\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-26T09:11:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-01T06:42:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/apostille-e1719590273230.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"518\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Roberto\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Roberto\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Roberto\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/336b06fdc43560a17d5f50a11f7ce95e\"},\"headline\":\"Q&A: Does an apostille have to be translated?\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-06-26T09:11:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-07-01T06:42:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\"},\"wordCount\":1021,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/apostille-e1719590273230.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/qa-does-an-apostille-have-to-be-translated\/\",\"name\":\"Q&A: Does an apostille have to be translated? 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Long answer Background on apostilles \u201cApostilles\u201d were created by the Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, which entered into force on 24 January 1965 and has since been adopted by 126 countries, and, notably, most recently by Canada and Rwanda (12…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1329"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1363,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1329\/revisions\/1363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/continentalis.eu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}